It is the southern area of ​​the Memphis cemetery. It contains a number of hierarchical groups and monuments.

It has been a cemetery since the Fourth Dynasty, where King Sneferu built two of his three pyramids, the Curved Pyramid and the Red Pyramid, the latter being the first complete pyramid in Egypt.

In the Middle Kingdom, some of the kings of the Twelfth Dynasty, namely: Amenemhat II, Senusret III, and Amenemhat III built their pyramids

there.